Fri Jan 05 2024

73 articles - From Friday Dec 29 2023 to Friday Jan 05 2024

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

ACG Clinical Guideline: Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease.

Level of evidence and strength of recommendations were evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations system. This guideline was developed under the American College of Gastroenterology Practice Parameters Committee.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

Gastroenterology

Accuracy of the no-biopsy approach for the diagnosis of coeliac disease in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Only one study had a low risk of bias across al domains. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that selected adult patients with IgA-tTG =10×ULN and a moderate to high pre-test probability of coeliac disease could be diagnosed without undergoing invasive endoscopy and duodenal biopsy.

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J Neurogastroenterol Motil

Symptomatic Response to Antibiotics in Patients With Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Antibiotics appear to be efficacious in treating SIBO, although small sample sizes and poor data quality limit this interpretation. Symptomatic response rates also appear to be higher in IBS patients with SIBO. This may be the first example of precision medicine in IBS as opposed to our current empiric treatment approach. Large-multicenter studies are needed to verify the results.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Determining optimal ALT cut-off values for predicting significant hepatic histological changes in patients with normal ALT in the grey zone of chronic hepatitis B virus infection.

This study established novel optimal ALT cut-off values for more precise prediction of SLHC among Chinese patients with GZ CHB and normal ALT levels. This may help identify individuals who will benefit from timely antiviral therapy.

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Duke Activity Status Index and Liver Frailty Index predict mortality in ambulatory patients with advanced chronic liver disease: A prospective, observational study.

Poor functional exercise capacity and physical frailty are highly prevalent among ambulatory patients with CLD who are being assessed for LT. The DASI and LFI are simple, low-cost tools that predict overall and pre-LT mortality. Implementation of both should be considered in al outpatients with CLD to highlight those who may benefit from targeted nutritional and exercise interventions.

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Prevalence of steatotic liver disease, MASLD, MetALD and significant fibrosis in people with HIV in the United States.

MASLD and MetALD are the dominant causes of SLD in PWH, affecting almost half. Application of the new nomenclature resulted in minimal change in the proportion of patients with MASLD who would have been diagnosed previously with NAFLD.

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Racial and ethnic disparities in untreated patients with hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma but not in those with sustained virologic response.

DAA treatment rates were suboptimal. Racial and ethnic disparities resolved with HCV cure. Early diagnosis and improved access to HCV treatment is needed for al patients with HCV infection.

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Spleen-dedicated stiffness measurement performed well to rule out high-risk varices in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: Screening for high-risk varices in HCC.

We validated that the SSM =40 kPa using a 100-Hz probe could safely eliminate more unnecessary EGDs than the Baveno VI criteria in patients with HBV-related HCC. However, the efficacy of the Baveno VII algorithm in patients with HCC requires further investigation.

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Am J Gastroenterol

AI evaluation of Stool Quality Guides Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy using a Smartphone App.

AI-BSS communications improved insight into self-BSS over time. Dieta-App to gauge stool AI characteristics was acceptable and increased insight into lactulose dose and BSS in cirrhosis.

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NATURAL HISTORIES AND DISEASE COMPLICATIONS IN A COHORT OF 151 CHILDREN WITH GASTRIC OR DUODENAL EOSINOPHILIA.

Patients with gastric and duodenal eosinophilia should be followed closely to monitor for recurrence and complications, especially those presenting with endoscopic abnormalities or complications.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Screening for fibrosis promotes life-style changes. A prospective cohort study in 4,796 individuals.

Screening for liver fibrosis is associated with sustained improvements in alcohol consumption, diet, weight, and exercise in at-risk ALD and MASLD. The changes are most pronounced in screening positive participants, but not limited to this group.

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Gastroenterology

Cancer-associated Fibroblast Induces Acinar-to-ductal Cell Transdifferentiation and Pancreatic Cancer Initiation via LAMA5/ITGA4 axis.

Results collectively suggest the first evidence for CAF-influenced acino-ductal phenotypic switchover, thus highlighting tumor micro-environment role in the pancreatic carcinogenesis inception.

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Global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and incidence of gastric cancer between 1980 and 2022.

The results raised the hypothesis that public health drive to reduce the prevalence of H. pylori as a strategy to reduce the incidence of gastric cancer in the population, which should be confirmed in large scale clinical trials.

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Standard of care versus Octreotide in Angiodysplasia-related bleeding (the OCEAN study): A Multicenter Randomized Controlled trial.

Octreotide effectively reduces transfusion requirements and the need for endoscopic therapy in patients with angiodysplasia-related anemia. , NCT02384122.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Exploring the utility of endoscopic ultrasound in Budd-Chiari syndrome : a multi-center multi-observer prospective cohort study.

In conclusion, EUS is a safe and accurate diagnostic tool for BCS. It can provide accurate mapping of hepatic veins, intrahepatic collaterals, and the IVC.

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Gut

ATP citrate lyase (ACLY)-dependent immunometabolism in mucosal T cells drives experimental colitis in vivo.

ACLY controls mucosal T cell immunometabolism and experimental colitis. Therapeutic modulation of ACLY expression in T cells emerges as a novel strategy to promote the resolution of intestinal inflammation.

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Blood-based colorectal cancer screening in an integrated health system: a randomised trial of patient adherence.

Further research is needed on how to balance the favourable adherence with lower advanced adenoma detection compared with other available tests. NCT05987709.

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Histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 regulates hepatic stellate cell activation and is targetable in liver fibrosis.

Finally, myofibroblast-specific HMOX1 overexpression attenuated liver fibrosis in both a preventive scheme and a therapeutic scheme. Our data demonstrate a previously unrecognised role for Suv39h1 in liver fibrosis and offer proof-of-concept of its targetability in the intervention of cirrhosis.

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Hepatology

Incorporation of quantitative imaging data using artificial intelligence improves risk prediction in veterans with liver disease.

This proof of concept demonstrates the potential of utilizing automated extraction of imaging features within CT scans either alone or in conjunction with classic health data can improve risk prediction in patients with chronic liver disease.

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Risk of alcohol-related liver disease in the offspring of parents with alcohol-related liver disease: A nationwide cohort study.

Offspring of patients with ALD had a low but increased risk of ALD. Screening offspring for chronic liver disease may be unnecessary, but other interventions to mitigate alcohol-related harm should be considered.

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J Hepatol

Efficient formation and maintenance of humoral and CD4 T cell immunity targeting the viral capsid in acute-resolving hepatitis E infection.

The viral capsid is the main target of HEV-specific CD4 T cells and antibodies in acute resolving infection, correlating with efficient neutralization of nHEV. Capsid-specific immunity rapidly emerges followed by a stepwise contraction for several years after infection.

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IL-10 dampens antitumor immunity and promotes liver metastasis via PD-L1 induction.

Treg-derived IL-10 upregulates PD-L1 expression in monocytes, which in turn reduces CD8+ T-cell infiltration and related antitumor immunity in the context of colorectal cancer (CRC)-derived liver metastasis. These findings provide the basis for future monitoring and targeting of IL-10 in CRC-derived liver metastasis. Impact and implications Liver metastasis diminishes the effectiveness of immunotherapy and increases the mortality rate in CRC patients. We investigate the role of IL-10 in liver metastasis formation and decipher its therapeutic potential in affecting immunotherapy effectiveness. Our data identify IL-10 as a pro-metastatic factor in liver metastasis formation and characterize this cytokine as a regulator of PD-L1. This provides the basis for future monitoring and targeting of IL-10 in CRC-derived liver metastasis.

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J Neurogastroenterol Motil

Clinical Trial: Efficacy of Mosapride Controlled-release and Nortriptyline in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia: A Multicenter, Double-placebo, Double-blinded, Randomized Controlled, Parallel Clinical Study.

Mosapride CR and nortriptyline showed similar efficacy in patients with FD regardless of the subtype. Both treatments could be equally helpful for improving quality of life and psychological well-being while also relieving dyspepsia.

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Effects of Codeine on Esophageal Peristalsis in Patients With Ineffective Esophageal Motility: Studies Using High-resolution Manometry.

In IEM patients, acute administration of codeine increases contraction vigor and reduces distal latency of primary esophageal peristalsis, but has no effect on secondary peristalsis. Future studies are required to further elucidate clinical relevance of these findings, especially in the setting of gastroesophageal reflux disease with IEM.

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Efficacy of Quadruple-coated Probiotics in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study.

gQlab administration can improve the overall IBS symptoms, especially in female and constipation-predominant IBS patients. Further research is necessary to clarify the pathophysiology behind sex-related treatment responses in IBS patients.

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Interpretation of Impedance Data on High-resolution Impedance Manometry Studies-A Worldwide Survey.

There is no consensus on interpreting HRIM data. Providers' approaches to studies with inconsistencies between manometry and impedance data vary. There is an unmet need for guidelines on interpreting impedance data in HRIM studies.

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Regulatory T cells Are Increased and Correlate With Mast Cells in Eosinophilic Esophagitis.

Tregs were increased in esophageal epithelium of patients with EoE, and correlated with mast cell infiltration.

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Relationship Between Colonic Transit Response to Eating With Self-reported Constipation Severity in Constipated Patients According to the Phenotype.

Colonic transit response to eating was not associated to CS in IBS-C patients, but left CTRE was associated with constipation severity in FC and DD patients.

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The Disease Spectrum and Natural History of Patients With Abdominal Bloating or Distension: A Longitudinal Study.

FGIDs are the most common diagnosis in patients with AB/D. Symptoms were especially hard to be improved. Classification diagnoses of FGIDs in AB/D patients fluctuated significantly over time.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Does knowledge about liver disease enhance adherence to lifestyle recommendations?

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Editorial: Gastroenterologists should definitely draw closer attention to psychosocial comorbidities.

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Editorial: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, more than an antiviral drug-Another piece of the puzzle.

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Editorial: The evolving paradigms and treatments for primary biliary cholangitis.

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Implications of the new nomenclature of steatotic liver disease and definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

The new nomenclature is both a challenge, given the need for dissemination and education across the spectrum of stakeholders, and an opportunity to bring everyone together and spark new research to better understand epidemiology, natural history, diagnosis, biomarkers and management strategies across the spectrum of SLD.

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Pharmacologic management of obesity: Updates on approved medications, indications and risks.

AOMs have established efficacy and effectiveness for weight loss even beyond 52 weeks. Further pharmacological options, such as dual and triple incretins, are probable forthcoming additions to clinical practice for combating obesity and its metabolic consequences such as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

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Review article: Advances in the management of lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

The management of LGIB has evolved significantly in recent years, with a shift towards radiological interventions for unstable patients while reserving elective colonoscopy for stable patients. A multidisciplinary approach is essential to optimise the outcomes of patients with LGIB.

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Review article: Current status and future directions of ingestible electronic devices in gastroenterology.

The development of miniaturised ingestible microelectronic-based devices offers exciting prospects for enhancing gastroenterological research and the delivery of personalised, point-of-care medicine.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

The Evolving Role of Artificial Intelligence in Gastrointestinal Histopathology: An Update.

We describe several current needs within the world of gastrointestinal histopathology, and outline, using currently studied models, how AI can potentially address them. We also highlight pitfalls as AI makes inroads into clinical practice.

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J Neurogastroenterol Motil

Mind the Gap: The Realities of Novel Irritable Bowel Syndrome Drug Access in Asian Clinical Practice.

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Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Diagnosis and Management.

Proper diagnosis and management of refractory GERD is critical to mitigate undesirable long-term complications such as strictures, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. This review outlines the diagnostic workup of patients presenting with refractory GERD symptoms, describes the distinction between unproven and proven GERD, and provides a comprehensive review of the current treatment strategies available for the management of refractory GERD.

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The Need for Updated Classification of Esophageal Motility Disorders Using High-resolution Impedance Manometry.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

2024 CME Information.

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ACG Presidential Address 2023.

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Acute Pancreatitis After Microscopic Colitis: Is It due to Drugs or Disease?

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American College of Gastroenterology Monograph on Microbiome Therapeutics.

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Calendar of Courses, Symposiums and Conferences.

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Efficacy and Practical Implementation of Fecal Microbiota Spores, Live-BRPK: A Novel Approach for Preventing Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection.

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Emerging Noninfectious Indications for Live Biotherapeutic Products in Gastroenterology.

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Future Microbiome Therapeutics for Clostridioides difficile Infection.

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Gastroenterology Providers and the Electronic Health Record.

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Non-prescription Therapeutics.

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Prescription Microbiome Therapeutic for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: Fecal Microbiota Live-jslm.

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Response to Benson et al.

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Reviewer Recognition.

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The Current and Future State of Microbiome Therapeutics in Liver Disease.

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The Gut Microbiome: A Primer for the Clinician.

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Well-Being of Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Shift From Measuring Deficits to Strengths?

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure is associated with later occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Endoscopic management of a large prolapsing pedunculated liposarcoma of the rectum causing recurrent hematochezia.

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Hepatology

HDV RNA and liver disease progression: What do we know?

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Does knowledge about liver disease enhance adherence to lifestyle recommendations? Authors' reply.

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Editorial: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate more than an antiviral drug-Another piece of the puzzle. Authors' reply.

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Editorial: The evolving paradigms and treatments for primary biliary cholangitis-Authors' reply.

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Letter: Are we forgetting the importance of steatosis in steatotic liver disease?

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Letter: Are we forgetting the importance of steatosis in steatotic liver disease? Authors' reply.

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Letter: antibiotics prescription and new-onset irritable bowel syndrome.

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Letter: interpretation of the BESST trial in the context of baseline antidepressant and neuromodulator use-Authors' reply.

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Letter: interpretation of the BESST trial in the context of baseline antidepressant and neuromodulator use.

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Gut

W-eCura score versus eCura system: comparison in the external cohort is required.

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J Hepatol

Hepatic encephalopathy and survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: Do spontaneous portosystemic shunts matter?

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J Neurogastroenterol Motil

Can Small Fiber Neuropathy Explain the Overlap Gastrointestinal and Non-gastrointestinal Symptoms in Some Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients?

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Editing Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance-pH Tracings to Reduce Non-reflux-related Esophageal Acidification.

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Tagging an Air Swallow From the BottomUp Is More Efficient Than From the TopDown.

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